Alexandria
Overview
Alexandria: The Pearl of the Mediterranean Alexandria was founded in 331 BCE by Alexander the Great and served as the glittering capital of Egypt for nearly a thousand years. Once the intellectual heart of the ancient world, it was home to the legendary Pharos Lighthouse—one of the Seven Wonders—and the Great Library. Today, it is a vibrant seaside metropolis where faded 19th-century European grandeur meets a distinct Mediterranean soul, offering a cooler, breezier alternative to the Nile Valley.
General Information & Facts
The Second Capital: Alexandria is Egypt’s second-largest city and its largest seaport, handling about 80% of the country's imports and exports.
Cosmopolitan Heritage: In the early 20th century, the city was a melting pot of Greeks, Italians, Jews, and Armenians, giving it a unique "Belle Époque" architectural style.
Underwater Archaeology: Because of ancient earthquakes, much of the royal Ptolemaic city—including Cleopatra’s Palace—now lies beneath the waters of the Eastern Harbour of Alexandria.
The Corniche: A spectacular 15-kilometer waterfront promenade that serves as the city's social spine, stretching from Citadel of Qaitbay to Montaza Palace.
Greco-Roman Legacy: Unlike Cairo or Luxor, Alexandria’s primary historical sites are Greco-Roman rather than Pharaonic, reflecting its role as the bridge between Egypt and the Mediterranean.
Map
Things to Do
Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Citadel of Qaitbay
Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa
Montaza Palace Gardens
Pompey's Pillar
Tips
Prepare for Humidity: Alexandria is much more humid than Upper Egypt. While summer temperatures are lower (around 30°C/86°F), the humidity can make it feel warmer. The Best Time to Visit: Spring (March-May) and Autumn (September-November) are ideal. Winter can be quite rainy and chilly, though the "Alexandria winter" has a romantic, moody charm for many locals. Take the Yellow Trams: For a nostalgic experience, ride the city's vintage tramway. It's one of the oldest in the world and offers a very slow, scenic look at the city's diverse neighborhoods. Sample the Local Breakfast: Alexandria is famous for its specific way of serving "Ful Medames" and its unique liver sandwiches (Kebda Eskandarani). Don't leave without trying them at a local street stall. Traffic and Transport: Traffic in Alexandria can be very congested. Uber is highly recommended over local taxis to ensure a fair price and a more comfortable vehicle. Modesty and Culture: Alexandria is generally conservative. While it's a beach city, wearing swimsuits is strictly for private beaches or hotel pools; when walking the Corniche or city center, modest dress is expected.
